Introduction
Camp Columbia, located in Wacol, a suburb of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, has a rich history marked by its diverse roles during and after World War II.
Establishment and American Occupation (1942–1944): In 1942, the United States Army established Camp Columbia to accommodate American troops during World War II. It served as the headquarters for the Sixth US Army and functioned as an Officer Candidate School from 1942 to 1945.
Dutch Administration (1944–1947): After the departure of American forces in 1944, the camp was transferred to the Netherlands East Indies (NEI) Government-in-Exile. The Dutch utilised Camp Columbia as a base for planning the re-occupation of Indonesia and managing relations with their former colony. The camp also housed Dutch troops, refugees, and prisoners of war during this period.
Post-War Use and Australian Army Occupation (1946–1949): Following the Dutch administration, the Australian Army took over the site in late 1945 to demobilise returning soldiers. Between 1947 and 1949, approximately 1,000 acres of the land were acquired by the Australian Army, leading to the establishment of the Wacol Army Camp. This facility was used for various military purposes until its closure in 2000.
Wacol Migrant Centre (1949–1987): A portion of Camp Columbia was repurposed as Queensland’s largest migrant reception centre, initially housing displaced persons from Europe post-WWII. At its peak, it accommodated nearly 2,000 residents, providing housing, English lessons, and job assistance. The centre welcomed migrants from Europe, the UK, and Vietnam before closing in 1987 due to aging infrastructure and shifting immigration policies.
Current Status: Today, the Camp Columbia site is recognised for its historical significance. Efforts are underway to preserve its legacy through the Camp Columbia Heritage Association Inc. (CCHA), which aims to maintain the site’s history and educate the public about its multifaceted past.
Full timeline of Brisbane in WWII
The CCHA website
The primary focus of the CCHA website is on Camp Columbia itself, highlighting its pivotal role during its operational years. This includes the activities that were organised, planned, or initiated from the camp, which formed the core of its historical significance. Storytelling is a key element, capturing personal stories and narratives directly related to Camp Columbia. Surrounding facilities and activities closely tied to the camp are also part of this broader narrative, enriching the understanding of its impact and legacy.
Remnants of Camp Columbia in Pooh Corner Bushland Reserve